Tick-Borne Encephalitis

Tick-Borne Encephalitis (TBE) is a viral infection spread by tick bites. TBE affects the central nervous system and is transmitted by the bite of an infected tick.

Ticks live in woodlands and grassy areas, but they can also be found in parks and gardens

In UK only a small number of ticks carry TBE virus. TBE can also be spread through raw milk or dietary foods

Severity

Symptoms can appear within 7 days and occur in 2 phases

• The first phase symptoms include fever, tiredness, headache, muscle pain and nausea
• Second phase affects the nervous system showing signs of meningitis (inflammation around the brain and spinal cord) 

Common Symptoms

Some people get flu-like symptoms after a week of being bitten, such as:

• High temperature
• Tiredness
• Headache
• Aches and pains
• Nausea

Symptoms usually go away on their own, however if the infection spreads to the brain other symptoms can include:

• Stiff neck
• Severe headache
• Pain when looking at bright light
• Seizures
• Change in behaviour
• Weakness or loss of movement

Administration

TBE is given in 3 doses:

Standard regime; day 0, second dose 1-3 months after first, third dose 5-12 months after the second dose

A rapid schedule can also be given if necessary ask your pharmacist for more info.

Preventing Infection

To reduce your risk of being bitten when outside:

• Regularly check your clothes for ticks when outdoors and brush them off before they can bite you- wear light coloured clothing so it will make it easier to see
• Walk on clearly defined paths to avoid brushing on branches 
• Use of insect repellents with DEET or Picaridin on skin
• Wear long trousers and long sleeved tops so harder for ticks to bite you

Timescale

In countries where infection is more common, TBE is recommended.

Your first injection should be given at least 1 month before you travel

Side Effects

Common side effects like many other vaccines include;

• Redness at site, irritation/swelling at site of the arm
• Raised temperature/fever
• Tiredness and fatigue

Ask your pharmacist about managing side effects. Seek medical advice if symptoms are severe, persistent or worrying.

Use our travel clinic planning and price guide to organise your enquiry. If you are researching other vaccinations for outdoor travel, our rabies vaccination page has separate service information. Discuss your destinations and activities with the clinic.